Improvement in locks for sliding-doors



dbi-itch itia JOHN nAvIDsO,' Or

ALB-ANY; NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No. 108,767, dated November 1, 1870.

i The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent' and making p'art of the same.y

To all whom it may concern Be it'known that I, JOHN DAVIDSON, of the city and county of Albany, State of New York, have invented certain useful and new Improvements for Securing or Locking Sliding' or Swinging-Doors; and I vdo hereby declare'that the following is a 'specification thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification, in which- .Figure 1 represents a longitudinal lateral section ofthe invention.

Figure 2 represents the same, and illustrating the mode of applying the key.'

Figure 3 is a cross-section through line'No.-1 in iig. 2. f Figuxje 4 is a crosssection through line No.2 in igt- Figure 5 is a cross-section through line No. l in iig. l. Figure 6 is a cross-section #through line No. 3 in fig. 2.A Figures and 8 are illustrations of some modifica-A tions ot' one part of this invention in some of the many modifications in which this device may be applied.

Thenatu're of my invention consists in the employment o f a screwbolt, made with or without a shoulder,

and-provided with a pecnliarly-formed slotted hole in its head, which head and slotted hole is to receive a.

peculiarly-formed key, which will lock into the said head and enable the operatorto screw the said bolt into its place, or the reverse.

In the drawing- A represents-.a portion of the frame of a -car, or vault, or safe.

' Bis a portion of "the door (either sliding or swinging-door) ,to be secured. v

lo secure the door B to its places' when this invention is to be applied to freight or baggagefcars, I use a screw-bolt, G, gs. 1, 2, which screw-bolt is provided with a shoulder, a, if the door B be swinging; but it' applied to sliding-doors, the shoulder' a can be dis'- pcnsed with, as in fig. 7, though I would prefer .in all cases to use the said shoulder a.

The head b of the `said screw-bolt C, above the shoulder, is made cylindrical, as shown in figs. 3, 5, and G, and of'suitable length to receive the slotted hole c, shown in figs. 1,*2, 5, 6, 7, and 8. "This hole c l denominate the lkey-bar hole, which key-bar hole c terminates with an inclined grooveon Veither s ide of the center of the said head, abovethe key-bar hole c proper, in the upper part ofthe said head b, as shown in iigs. 1 and 2.A

A loose thimble or sleeve, b', is also provided on the terminating head I), figs. 1 'and 3, which thimble b is free to revolve, and is intended vto prevent the bolt from being turned by 'means of nippers or other instruments, which mightbe applied at theend of the head.

I would also use with car-doors 'or other .wooden doors the metal block D, figs. 1 and 2, which I dev nominate the bolt-block.

rIhe said bolt-block D can be made of any suitable dimensions aud`form, and provided with -a depth of' bore, tl, figs. 2, 3, and 8, of a diameter sufficient to receive the shoulder c of thescrew-bolt 0.

It is also provided with a bore, tl', which commences at the termination of the larger bore (Land continues through, and is of a diameter sufficient to .receive the screwbolt G freely without screwing.

This bolt-block i's to pass throughv the usual sheathino' E, or siding of the door or. car, and rest against some portion of the hard wood frame B, which swings or slides over some other part of the frame-work A of the car or door, as the :case may be, which framework A is to receive the screw-bolt O either directly into itsnvood, as in figs. 1 and 7, or in aunt let inthe wood, asin fig. 2.

The object of vthe bolt-block D is to prevent the head b of the bolt G being made bare or exposed hy cutting away'thc wood, whichcould be done were the use ofthe said block D dispensed with, as in figs? and 7.

To operate the above-described screw-bolt C, and

secure it in `its place, o r the reverse, I use a key of peculiar construction. The said key consists of a shank, H,lof suitable length, provided with any proper handle, H', by which the key can be operated.

The outer diameter ofthe shank I :I is made to cor respond in size withthe'largest'bore'b ofthe block D.

The said shankH isalso provided with a bore, c, ot'

a diameter to correspond with the diametelofthe head b of the bolt C," and of suiiicient depth to receive thefull length of tliesaid head, as shown in figs. l

One side of the said shank H is slotted to receive a spring, s, figs. l, 2, and 9, which spring s can work from the outer side ofthe said shank H, as shown in iig. 9, to the inner side of the bore c, as' shown in igs. 1 and 2.

he spring s terminates at a proper distance from.rv

the bored end of the shank H, and is to-.operate against au end of the key-bar y.

rlhe saidkey-bar gis asmall metal piece, (preferred to be steel,) pivoted in the slot o made in the shank H,'just forward of the terminating'end of thespring s, and can be made to take the position shown in iigs.

1, 2, and 9. lhe ends of the said barg are beveled, as shown, so that when the said bar. g is thrown in position across the bore e, they will form ,a line with the outside lines ot' the sides of the shankH, as in iig. 1.

is a small or slight notch, s, into which notch z the operator places his thumb-nail when he isfto set'the bar g inl position to applythe key to the bolt-head b, as shown `in fig. 2. v

lo operate with this invention,nthe screw-holt C, formed and provided with a head, b, as described, is supposed to have been previously located and fitted in the place desired, either from the door into the body, or from the body into the door, as the case may be',and cir'- cumstances mightl require in cars, store-doors, vaults, safes, or whatever this invention should be applied to. Having been fitted, the bolt O is inserted in the bore or hole d of the block D, or its equivalent, and screwed down with the fingers, as far asV can be, when the operator grasps the key, and by pressing with bis thumbnail on the notch z, made in the bar g, and drawing back at the same time, throws the said bnr g up from its normal position in lig. 1, up to the position shown in iig. 2, so vthat the bar gwill be ona plane with the outside of the shank H. He will then insert the openl end of the shank into the bore d, andithrusting it down toward the bottom ofthe said bore d, will gently turn the said shank ofthe key in either direction unf til the key-har g comes over 'the slotted hole e, figs.

1 and 6, in the head b of theK bolt. flhe bar g being previously releasedv by the thumb, now falls, or is thrown by the force ofthe spring s, through the `said slotted hole c, and across to the outside o of the hollow shank,as shown in Afigs. 1l and 5, when the handle may be turned to screw the bolt tightly into its place.'

When screwed tigl1t,thc shank ot' the 4key is withdrawn. i p

lWhen the bolt is to be withdrawn, so as tol enable the door being opened, the operator set-s the bar g in the manner shownin tig. 2, and before described, and inserts the open end of the shank D into the bore d, around the head b of' thebolt C, and turns it around until the bar g 4is thrown through the slot c of ,thev head of the bolt and tothe outsideot the shank, which can be known either by feeling, or by 'the noise ofthe click made by the throw'of the spring s; being'tbus thrown, thehar gissnpported at its both ends by the,

barrel of the shank,'asshown.in figs. l and 5, and the bolt'G can 4be turned'out tionrit-s place and thedoor v slid or swung, as the ease maybe.

When by accidentthe bar g is thrown out, as shown in fig. 9, the said bar can be made. to resume its proper position, asl-in iig. 1,by pressing the spring s down Made over or nearly over its pivot in the said bar gA loaves' g in the direction of the' dotted lines.

This finvention can be applied to any class ot slidbelowtothe inside of the bore e, and casting the bar .ing-doors as are now usedy in freight, baggage, and

express-cars, or can be applied to store-doors, vault,

, or safe-doors, required to be secured.

- 1n safes, the body of the bolt U'can be made long` to reach to near the back of' the body of the safe A, and screw into' the same, while the head b, with its shoulder a, would be sunk into the door B,'as represented in iig. 8.

Itv is not necessary in all cases to use the metal block D, especially where the doorv is made of metal, and in some cases even where it is applied to wood a at metal plate, provided with a hole corresponding with the bore (l, would be made to act as a substitute to the said metal block D.

If desired,several. 'zes ot' screw-bolts could'be made all having the same Y diameter of headb, so that one u -key would tallor several sizes of diameters .f heads b could be made, each of which would require varying diameters of thebore fl, and would necessitate a corresponding diameter of shank and bore ein the shank.

The-length of the bars g could also. be variedso as to throw more or less oblique through lthe hole c made in the head of the bolt, which hole c would also -be made to 'correspond with such bar g and its throw;

1. In the sha-'nk of a key, the bar g, when constructed and arranged vto throw across thebore4 of the said shank from side to side in the manner described, for the vpurpose set forth.

2.V The combination ot' the spring s and key-,bar g, when constructed and arranged tothrow across the shank H, as described, for the` purpose set forth.

3. Operating the screw G by means of a keybar, g. pivoted to a sha-nk, H, of a key, and throwing through a slot, @made in the head ot'Vthe said screw-bolt C, and havingrits bearings or supports at their ends, subf stantially in the manner described, for the purpose set forth.

Y J OHNl DAVIDSON. Vitnesses WM. SANDS, ALEX. Saumur. 

